| * Why not save yourself thousands of hours of | | | | Tracking down this information is a hobby in itself !!! |
| research trying to design yourself a nutritional carp | | | | Borrowing from my own horticultural / agricultural |
| fishing bait, when scientists have done it for you? | | | | research into applying land - animal feeds principles to |
| Take a look at a typical 'contents analysis' of the | | | | carp baits: |
| optimum pelleted carp diet and apply this to choosing | | | | Cost factors are forcing many animal farmers |
| your most productive fishing bait ingredients! | | | | towards maximizing their feed - to - meat yield by |
| Designed by the world's leading fish nutrition scientists | | | | applying recent feeds research results. These studies |
| and aqua cultural experts, the following has been | | | | recommend optimizing the mainly carbohydrate feeds |
| derived from various sources to produce a typical | | | | by utilizing specific 'bioactive' and enzymic treatments, |
| analysis for use in designing your own nutritionally | | | | including : |
| attractive carp baits. | | | | Bacterial fermentation of beans, seeds and cereals (to |
| The average proportions for optimum carp growth | | | | break down protective anti - enzymic agents in the |
| and health, in dry formula feeds, seem to be | | | | beans etc) and to part convert starches to sugars in |
| approximately: | | | | controlled temperature and duration conditions. And: |
| Protein 30 to 55 %, Carbohydrate 65 %, (Fat 2.5 to 5 | | | | Specific enzymic hydrolysis treatments, of cereal |
| %), (dietary fiber 2.5 to 5 % +) | | | | based feeds, using amylases on the starches to |
| Plus added vitamins within supplements: A, B1, B6, B12, | | | | release sugars (for higher available feed energy |
| C, D, thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Pantothenic acid, Folate, | | | | content), and in protein feeds (e.g. fish meals for cattle), |
| mineral and trace elements, including: phosphorus 7 % | | | | to pre - digest proteins into amino acids and peptides, |
| (optimum), Calcium, sodium chloride 0.3%, traces: zinc, | | | | using proteases.' This principle has been proven great |
| magnesium etc. | | | | for top producing carp baits too! |
| Special emphasis is given in carp aquaculture, growth | | | | The commercial pellet type 'mature - carp diet |
| production and protein optimization, to studies on | | | | formulas' often consist of: |
| nutritional requirements for Cyprinus Carpio L. | | | | 25 % to 45 % protein, averaging 38 % of the 'dry' mix. |
| (Common carp.) Priority has especially been on the | | | | Analysis shows a mixture of protein and carbohydrate |
| study of carp feed amino acid requirement and protein | | | | sources, that forms a specific ratio, with protein |
| - energy relationships. Energy obtained, and carp | | | | contents of around 25 % to 65 % for different stages |
| bodyweight gains measured over time using specially | | | | of carp production. |
| designed feeds | | | | The 'GROWTH FEEDS' appear to have a higher |
| To determine the optimum ratio of carbohydrate and | | | | protein content, e.g. 40 % to 58 %, and most utilize fish |
| protein nutrients for maximum starch accretion by carp | | | | or crustacean (shellfish) meal; high in proteins and |
| from feed sources: (This is the point at which optimum | | | | essential fatty acids (fats). |
| energy from food is gained from starch sources, while | | | | I notice that in fishing bait terms, we now have |
| maximum biological benefits are gained from the | | | | ingredients in predigested extract form that can |
| protein in food sources using carp body weight gain as | | | | provide up to 96 % digestible protein content! |
| an indication of best results; effectively 'sparing protein' | | | | (E.g., predigested milk proteins, shellfish and fish |
| from being used by carp for energy instead of body | | | | proteins.) |
| growth and repair.) | | | | The carbohydrate content is in fact extremely |
| Utilization of various forms of carbohydrate sources | | | | important; it not only provides energy, but in the correct |
| are used as feed for carp under study. These include | | | | ratio with Protein and fat, actually MAXIMIZES protein |
| raw and cooked starch, under different standard | | | | use in the body for growth and repair, avoiding any |
| temperature regimes. The 'protein sparing effect' of | | | | loss due it being 'catabolized' to generate energy. |
| dietary carbohydrates for carp can then be | | | | Foods like soya meal, maize meal or semolina are high |
| determined. | | | | carbohydrate sources, but are low in amino acids. |
| These optimum resulting formulas for the highest | | | | Carbohydrate foods are poor sources of protein, and |
| digestible energy of carp feed utilization were | | | | require protein supplementation. |
| observed: (In K/Cal/g) | | | | A carbohydrate food may only be 7 % protein for |
| Prawn Head meal 15 % to 30 % | | | | example, as in the case of maize flour, (6 % to 11 % |
| Ground Nut oil Cake 51 % to 61 % | | | | averages) or wheat semolina, (A 6 % to 14 % |
| Sesame Seed oil Cake 50 % to 60 % | | | | average). The fishes body tends to 'deaminate' these |
| Rice Bran 11 % | | | | low protein foods, and the amino acids obtained are |
| Sodium Chloride 0.3 % | | | | put to uses other than growth or tissue repair; and |
| Dicalcium Phosphate 0.1 % | | | | especially to energy production. |
| Trace Minerals 0.1 % | | | | This makes the logical case for you to base your |
| Vitamin Mixture 0.1 % | | | | nutritional carp bait upon protein sources of food (like |
| Supplemental Amino Acids (Including Proline, Lysine and | | | | fish or shellfish, or milk derivatives and extracts), and |
| Sulphurous Amino Acids) | | | | not carbohydrate sources (like wheat or maize.) |
| Crude Protein Content 30 % | | | | Perhaps now, designing and making a so - called 'High |
| Producing the Highest digestible energy K/Cal/g : 2.87 | | | | Nutritional Value' (HNV), 'boilies' as complete carp baits |
| % | | | | makes more sense! |
| (In Carp Brood Stock) | | | | The author has many more fishing and bait 'edges' up |
| For your bait - making purposes, this translates into a | | | | his sleeve. Every single one can have a huge impact |
| useful ratio guide e.g. : | | | | on catches. (Warning: This article is protected by |
| Protein 25 % to 55 %, Carbohydrate 45 % to 65 %, | | | | copyright,but reprints with a link are OK.) |
| Plus Fat 2.5 to 5 % (In your base mix.) | | | | By Tim Richardson. 'The thinking angler's fishing author |
| It may be useful to notice that in commercial | | | | and expert bait making guru.' |
| production, carp are fed fat at a rate of 0.5 % to 3 % | | | | For more expert bait making information and 'cutting |
| of bodyweight, daily to maintain optimum energy levels | | | | edge' techniques see the expert acclaimed new |
| and ratios, among other reasons. | | | | ebook / book: |
| Fats: | | | | "BIG CARP BAIT SECRETS!" at: |
| Commercial 'dry carp feeds' are often very low in fat, | | | | "> |
| even 0.5 % to 3 %. | | | | Tim Richardson is an internationally acclaimed carp and |
| I guess this can give more control when mixing dry | | | | catfish bait-making expert, and a highly successful big |
| feeds for different temperatures, seasons and stages | | | | fish angler. His best selling bait making and bait |
| of carp production. | | | | enhancing books / ebooks help beginners and |
| Fat provides over double the energy requirement in | | | | experienced anglers alike, to improve and enhance |
| the tissues, that carbohydrate or protein normally | | | | their baits achieving far greater catches of big fish. |
| provide! | | | | * His books are even used by members of the 'world |
| I have concluded that this level is somewhere around | | | | elite' "British Carp Study Group" for expert reference. * |
| the optimum basic profile of a 'Nutritional Value Bait'. | | | | Your catches could gain from more understanding, |
| There is further information in the book 'Nutrition and | | | | expert bait making experience, powerful insights and |
| Feeding of Fish' By Tom Lovell. (From Amazon or | | | | cutting edge fishing information and techniques; take a |
| (Used) Ebay.) It is an expensive book ! | | | | look at Tim's dedicated fishing bait making website. |